Which Comes First: The Budget or the Plan? - Raybourn Group International (2024)

Which Comes First: The Budget or the Plan? - Raybourn Group International (1)

  • Jackie Williams, CPA

It’s an old adage: Which came first, the chicken or the egg? I admit to not knowing that answer, but in this blog, I will answer which comes first regarding an association budget and strategic plan.

Which Comes First: The Budget or the Plan? - Raybourn Group International (2)

Every year, your finance team (be it staff, volunteers or a combination of both) prepares a draft budget and brings it forward to a designated group of leaders for approval. It’s not uncommon for that draft budget to be based largely on historical trends, known existing contracts (e.g. event hotels) and cost-of-living rates (AKA cost-based budgeting). If it is a complex budget being presented, it is easy to get caught up in the those numbers, conclude that it all makes sense and cast a vote in favor. However, even in fairly small budgets, historical spending may not be an accurate prediction of the future. For example, if there will be a big marketing effort to recruit new members in the coming year, but the historical spend on marketing is very small, historical spending will not be a good predictor for your next budget.

That’s why consideration of the strategic plan is crucial to the budgeting process. The strategic plan is a guide to help an organization accomplish its mission and goals. The budget should be a reflection of the funding necessary to carry out the tasks and actions to achieve the desired outcome. If you consider the origins of an organization, the founders did not start by saying “we’re gonna need $xxx,” but rather articulated a vision and then laid out the plan for fulfillment. So by design, the plan comes first.

The very first budget for an organization is typically a “zero-based budget” (ZBB), in which each cost is justified against a specific goal. Preparation of a true ZBB is more complex and time-consuming than cost-based budgeting, so it may not be feasible to perform every year. A more practical approach would be to get as close to a ZBB as possible given current strategic objectives. This will require committees and task forces to put forth reasoning for expenses, estimates for revenues and a timeline for accomplishment. If there is insufficient justification, the program may need to be discontinued (kill that sacred cow!).

The projects/programs that are aligned with the plan and have been approved should be monitored with the timeline in mind. This can be accomplished by periodic reviews of the budget to actual results, progress reports from committees, and alignment of meeting agendas with strategic objectives. The plan should be reviewed each year during budget preparation. Then the budget should get updated based on new, ongoing and accomplished objectives. A more thorough ZBB approach should be taken approximately every five years.

So when considering a budget, be sure to start with the strategic plan as the guiding star and have the budget reflect the objectives of that plan.

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Which Comes First: The Budget or the Plan? - Raybourn Group International (2024)

FAQs

Which comes first, planning or budgeting? ›

Many companies begin their annual planning process by first creating their annual budget. Then they bring the budget to their annual planning session. This process has some inherent limitations: Some departments will feel compelled to spend their budget when they have been allocated more than they need.

What is the order of the budgeting process? ›

The Process

Common processes include communication within executive management, establishing objectives and targets, developing a detailed budget, compilation and revision of budget model, budget committee review, and approval.

Which is the proper order of preparing budgets? ›

How to prepare a master budget for your business
  • Step 1: Create your sales budget. ...
  • Step 2: Create a production budget. ...
  • Step 3: Create a materials budget. ...
  • Step 4: Create a direct labor budget. ...
  • Step 5: Create an overhead budget. ...
  • Step 6: Account for cost of goods sold. ...
  • Step 7: Create an administrative budget.
May 10, 2024

What comes first, budget or goals? ›

Before you set up your budget, you are going to want to figure out your goals. Are you trying to save money? Are you trying to invest? Are you trying to leave as much money as possible for general spending, or do you need to reserve it for standard expenses such as rent and groceries?

What comes first in a budget? ›

Your budget should meet your "needs" first, then the “wants” that you can afford. Your expenses should be less than or equal to your total income. If your income is not enough to cover your expenses, adjust your budget (and your spending!)

What is the order of the financial planning process? ›

There are six steps in the financial planning process: understanding your financial circ*mstances, identifying goals, analyzing your current course of action, developing a financial plan, and monitoring progress and updating. This is a great question to ask if you're considering working with a financial planner.

Which is usually the first step in the budgetary process? ›

The first step of the budget preparation process is identifying budget objectives and operating budget requests.

What is the sequence of budget preparation? ›

Scrutinize cash flow. Calculate existing revenue. Construct the budget. Justify the figures and present the budget.

What order should you budget in? ›

Start with the essentials: We're talking about insurance, debt, childcare, etc. Then work in a Miscellaneous line and any nonessentials like Personal Spending (or Fun Money) and Entertainment. Remember: Needs come before wants. Always.

Which budgets are prepared first? ›

The sales budget is typically the first budget prepared.

What is the correct budgeting process? ›

It involves reviewing past budgets, identifying and forecasting revenue for the coming period, and assigning amounts to spend on a company's various costs. When done well, the process involves input from senior management, your finance team, and budget managers across the organization.

What is the first rule of budgeting? ›

The 50-30-20 rule recommends putting 50% of your money toward needs, 30% toward wants, and 20% toward savings. The savings category also includes money you will need to realize your future goals.

What comes first between planning and budgeting? ›

Planning is often the first step in setting up a company. Budgeting documents how the overall plan will be executed month to month. It typically includes estimates of revenue and expenses, as well as expected cash flow and debt reduction.

What is commonly the first step in the budgeting process? ›

Assess your financial resources

The first step is to calculate how much money you have coming in each month. This might be investment income, government assistance, student loans, employment income, disability benefits, retirement pensions or money from other sources.

Which comes first a goal or a plan? ›

Goal setting is a purposeful and explicit process that starts with identifying a new objective, skill, or project you want to achieve. Then, you make a plan for achieving it, and you work to complete it.

Is budgeting part of the planning process? ›

Planning provides a framework for a business' financial objectives — typically for the next three to five years. Budgeting details how the plan will be carried out month to month and covers items such as revenue, expenses, potential cash flow and debt reduction.

What is the difference between budgeting and planning? ›

Planning, often called strategic planning, is the process of outlining a company's goals and choosing a strategy to achieve those goals. Budgeting is the process of allocating a company's financial resources as directed by its plan.

Why planning comes first? ›

Ans : Planning is the first step and is done at the inception of any firm or company. It determines what strategies the other functions of management like organising, controlling, leading, and staffing will follow. Ans : The concept of planning is the most fundamental step in managerial functions.

Is planning the first step of management? ›

Planning helps to prepare an outline of how to do the work. The detailed outline of the task will help to have a better understanding. It will help to achieve targets on time. So, the first step in management is planning.

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